【www.bbyears.com--ios】
一、关于UIVIew 的介绍
1）概念：UIView 是用于装载并展示各类控件的大容器，是iOS中所有UI控件的基类
2）UIView 初始化实例代码
UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] init]; view1.frame = CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height/2); view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor]; view1.tag = 1000; //alpha属性设置view的透明度 view1.alpha = 0.5; //超出部分自动隐藏 view1.clipsToBounds = YES; [self.view addSubview:view1];
3）sendSubviewToBack 父视图可以使用sendSubviewToBack方法将子视图放在最下层
例如：
UIView *view3 = [[UIView alloc] init]; view3.frame = CGRectMake(45, 45, 240, 260); view3.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor]; view3.tag = 1001; [view1 addSubview:view3]; //父视图把某一子视图放在最下层 [view1 sendSubviewToBack:view3];
4）bringSubviewToFront 父视图可以使用sendSubviewToBack方法将子视图放在最上层
例如：
UIView *view2 = [[UIView alloc] init]; view2.frame = CGRectMake(40, 40, 250, 250); view2.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor]; view2.tag = 1001; [view1 addSubview:view2]; //父视图把某一子视图放在最上层 [view1 bringSubviewToFront:view2];
5）获取self.view中所有的子视图 例如：
NSArray *subViews = self.view.subviews;
6)removeFromSuperview 将子视图从父视图中移除 例如：
[view1 removeFromSuperview];
7) viewWithTag 根据视图Tag标记获取视图 例如：
UIView *view = [self.view viewWithTag:1000];
8) hidden 隐藏视图 例如：
view.hidden = YES;
9）因为所有的控件都继承自UIVIew 所以根据控件的Tag标记可以使用viewWithTag获取控件对象
例如：
//1000 为button的Tag标记 注意：需要强转一下
UIButton *button=(UIButton*)[self.view viewWithTag:1000];
IOS开发之UIView总结
如果想调用某个类的某个方法可以写成这样,这个方法来自NSObject类
performSelector:
performSelector:withObject:
performSelector:withObject:withObject:
实际调用
[self performSelector:@selector(displayViews) withObject:nil afterDelay:1.0f];
有三个方法分别是
//父视图
[self.view superview]
//所有子视图
[self.view subviews]
//自身的window
self.view.window
循环一个视图下面所有视图的方法
NSArray *allSubviews(UIView *aView)
{
NSArray *results = [aView subviews];
for (UIView *eachView in [aView subviews])
{
NSArray *riz = allSubviews(eachView);
if (riz) {
results = [results arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:riz];
}
}
return results;
}
循环返回一个APPLICATION里面所有的VIEW
// Return all views throughout the application
NSArray *allApplicationViews()
{
NSArray *results = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] windows];
for (UIWindow *window in [[UIApplication sharedApplication] windows])
{
NSArray *riz = allSubviews(window);
if (riz) results = [results arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray: riz];
}
return results;
}
找出所有的父视图
// Return an array of parent views from the window down to the view
NSArray *pathToView(UIView *aView)
{
NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObject:aView];
UIView *view = aView;
UIWindow *window = aView.window;
while (view != window)
{
view = [view superview];
[array insertObject:view atIndex:0];
}
return array;
}
UIView提供了大量管理视图的方法
//加一个视图到一个视图里面
addSubview:
//将一个视图移到前面
bringSubviewToFront:
//将一个视图推送到背后
sendSubviewToBack:
//把视图移除
removeFromSuperview
//插入视图 并指定索引
insertSubview:atIndex:
//插入视图在某个视图之上
insertSubview:aboveSubview:
//插入视图在某个视图之下
insertSubview:belowSubview:
//交换两个位置索引的视图
exchangeSubviewAtIndex:withSubviewAtIndex:
视图回调
//当加入视图完成后调用
(void)didAddSubview:(UIView *)subview
//当视图移动完成后调用
(void)didMoveToSuperview
//当视图移动到新的WINDOW后调用
(void)didMoveToWindow
//在删除视图之后调用
(void)willRemoveSubview:(UIView *)subview
//当移动视图之前调用
(void)didMoveToSuperview:(UIView *)subview
//当视图移动到WINDOW之前调用
(void)didMoveToWindow
给UIView设置标记和检索视图
myview.tag = 1001;
[self.view viewWithTag:1001];
(UILable *)[self.view.window viewWithTag:1001];
视图的几何特征
//框架
struct CGPoint {
CGFloat x;
CGFloat y;
};
typedef struct CGPoint CGPoint;
/* Sizes. */
struct CGSize {
CGFloat width;
CGFloat height;
};
typedef struct CGSize CGSize;
struct CGRect {
CGPoint origin;
CGSize size;
};
typedef struct CGRect CGRect;
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0,0,320,480);
UIView *view = [[UIView allow]initWithFrame:rect];
//将String转成CGPoint 如 @”{3.0,2.5}” {x,y}
CGPoint CGPointFromString (
NSString *string
);
//将String转成CGRect @”{{3,2},{4,5}}” {{x,y},{w, h}}
CGRect CGRectFromString (
NSString *string
);
//将String转成CGSize @”{3.0,2.5}” {w, h}
CGSize CGSizeFromString (
NSString *string
);
//CGPoint转成NSString
NSString * NSStringFromCGPoint (
CGPoint point
);
//CGRect转成NSString
NSString * NSStringFromCGRect (
CGRect rect
);
//CGSize转成NSString
NSString * NSStringFromCGSize (
CGSize size
);
//对一个CGRect进行修改 以这个的中心来修改 正数表示更小(缩小) 负数表示更大(放大)
CGRect CGRectInset (
CGRect rect,
CGFloat dx,
CGFloat dy
);
//判断两个矩形是否相交
bool CGRectIntersectsRect (
CGRect rect1,
CGRect rect2
);
//初始为0的
const CGPoint CGPointZero;
const CGRect CGRectZero;
const CGSize CGSizeZero;
//创建CGPoint
CGPoint CGPointMake (
CGFloat x,
CGFloat y
);
//创建CGRect
CGRect CGRectMake (
CGFloat x,
CGFloat y,
CGFloat width,
CGFloat height
);
//创建CGSize
CGSize CGSizeMake (
CGFloat width,
CGFloat height
);
仿射变换
CGAffineTransform form = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(PI);
myview.transform = form;
如想复原
myview.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
直接设置视图的中心
myview.center = CGPointMake(100,200);
中心
CGRectGetMinX CGRectGetMinY //X的中间值 CGRectGetMidX //Y的中间值 CGRectGetMidY CGRectGetMaxX CGRectGetMaxY
定时器
NSTime *timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.1f target:self selector:@selector(move:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
定义视图边界
typedef struct UIEdgeInsets {
CGFloat top, left, bottom, right; // specify amount to inset (positive) for each of the edges. values can be negative to 'outset'
} UIEdgeInsets;
//eg
UIEdgeInsets insets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(5, 5, 5, 5);
CGRect innerRect = UIEdgeInsetsInsetRect([aView bounds], insets);
CGRect subRect = CGRectInset(innerRect, self.frame.size.width / 2.0f, self.frame.size.height / 2.0f);
仿射变换补充
//创建CGAffineTransform //angle 在0-2*PI之间比较好 旋转 CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(angle); //缩放 CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5f,0.5f); //改变位置的 CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(50,60); //修改CGAffineTransform //修改 缩放 CGAffineTransform scaled = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, degree, degree); //修改 位置 CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate( CGAffineTransform t, CGFloat tx, CGFloat ty ); //修改角度 CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformRotate ( CGAffineTransform t, CGFloat angle ); //最后设置到VIEW [self.view setTransform:scaled];
建立UIView动画块
//首先建立CGContextRef CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); //标记动画开始 [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:context]; //定义动画加速或减速的方式 [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut]; //定义动画的时长 1秒 [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0]; //中间处理 位置变化，大小变化，旋转，等等的 [[self.view viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:1.0f]; //标志动画块结束 [UIView commitAnimations]; //还可以设置回调 [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self]; //设置回调调用的方法 [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(animationFinished:)];
视图翻转
UIView *whiteBackdrop = [self.view viewWithTag:100];
// Choose left or right flip 选择左或右翻转
if ([(UISegmentedControl *)self.navigationItem.titleView selectedSegmentIndex]){
[UIView setAnimationTransition: UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft forView:whiteBackdrop cache:YES];
}else{
[UIView setAnimationTransition: UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight forView:whiteBackdrop cache:YES];
}
NSInteger purple = [[whiteBackdrop subviews] indexOfObject:[whiteBackdrop viewWithTag:999]];
NSInteger maroon = [[whiteBackdrop subviews] indexOfObject:[whiteBackdrop viewWithTag:998]];
//交换视图
[whiteBackdrop exchangeSubviewAtIndex:purple withSubviewAtIndex:maroon];
//还有上翻和下翻两种 如下
typedef enum {
//没有任何效果
UIViewAnimationTransitionNone,
UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft,
UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight,
UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp,
UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlDown,
} UIViewAnimationTransition;
使用QuartzCore做动画
//创建CATransition
CATransition *animation = [CATransition animation];
//设置代理
animation.delegate = self;
//设置动画过渡的时间
animation.duration = 4.0f;
//定义动画加速或减速的方式
animation.timingFunction = UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut;
//animation.type 表示设置过渡的种类 如 Fade,MoveIn,Push,Reveal
switch ([(UISegmentedControl *)self.navigationItem.titleView selectedSegmentIndex]) {
case 0:
animation.type = kCATransitionFade;
break;
case 1:
animation.type = kCATransitionMoveIn;
break;
case 2:
animation.type = kCATransitionPush;
break;
case 3:
animation.type = kCATransitionReveal;
default:
break;
}
//设置渐变的方向，上下左右
if (isLeft)
animation.subtype = kCATransitionFromRight;
else
animation.subtype = kCATransitionFromLeft;
// Perform the animation
UIView *whitebg = [self.view viewWithTag:10];
NSInteger purple = [[whitebg subviews] indexOfObject:[whitebg viewWithTag:99]];
NSInteger white = [[whitebg subviews] indexOfObject:[whitebg viewWithTag:100]];
[whitebg exchangeSubviewAtIndex:purple withSubviewAtIndex:white];
[[whitebg layer] addAnimation:animation forKey:@"animation"];
animation.type还可以用以下的赋值
switch (theButton.tag) {
case 0:
animation.type = @"cube";
break;
case 1:
animation.type = @"suckEffect";
break;
case 2:
animation.type = @"oglFlip";
break;
case 3:
animation.type = @"rippleEffect";
break;
case 4:
animation.type = @"pageCurl";
break;
case 5:
animation.type = @"pageUnCurl";
break;
case 6:
animation.type = @"cameraIrisHollowOpen ";
break;
case 7:
animation.type = @"cameraIrisHollowClose ";
break;
default:
break;
}
休眠一下
[NSThread sleepUntilDate:[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:1.0f]];
一个简单的通过图片做的动画
// Load butterfly images
NSMutableArray *bflies = [NSMutableArray array];
for (int i = 1; i <= 17; i++){
[bflies addObject:[UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"bf_%d", i] ofType:@"png"]]];
}
UIImageView *butterflyView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(40.0f, 300.0f, 60.0f, 60.0f)];
butterflyView.tag = 300;
//设置动画的图片
butterflyView.animationImages = bflies;
//设置时间
butterflyView.animationDuration = 0.75f;
[self.view addSubview:butterflyView];
//开始动画
[butterflyView startAnimating];
[butterflyView release];