【www.bbyears.com--MongoDB】
MongoDb Replica Set解决了容错和单点故障问题，但单台机器的存储和承受能力有限，Sharding就是为了海量存储和动态扩容而产生的。这才有了Replica Set+Sharding高可用架构。
Sharding Cluster主要包括如下三部分：
Shards:每个shard都是replica set,具有自动备份、容错、恢复能力，当然在开发环境你可配成单个mongod
Config Server:存储metadata,包括每个shard的基本信息和chunk信息，生产环境至少有3个config server
Mongos:集群的入口，客户端与之交互，复杂把请求转发到对应的shard上。
搭建MongoDB Replica Set+Sharding环境：
拓扑图：
说明：由于本地测试，部署将在一台机器完成，并且mongos和config server都只用了一个实例。
配置：
副本集rep1配置：
#master.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster/master logpath=/data/mongo_cluster/master/logs/master.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster/master/master.pid logappend=true replSet=rep1 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10000 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true #slave.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster/slave logpath=/data/mongo_cluster/slave/logs/slave.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster/slave/slave.pid logappend=true replSet=rep1 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10001 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true #arbiter.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster/arbiter logpath=/data/mongo_cluster/arbiter/logs/arbiter.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster/arbiter/arbiter.pid logappend=true replSet=rep1 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10002 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true
副本集rep2配置：
#master.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/master logpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/master/logs/master.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster2/master/master.pid logappend=true replSet=rep2 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10004 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true #slave.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/slave logpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/slave/logs/slave.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster2/slave/slave.pid logappend=true replSet=rep2 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10005 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true #arbiter.conf配置 dbpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/arbiter logpath=/data/mongo_cluster2/arbiter/logs/arbiter.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_cluster2/arbiter/arbiter.pid logappend=true replSet=rep2 bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10006 fork=true journal=true shardsvr=true
配置Replica Set主、备、仲裁节点:(点击查看)
config server配置：
#config server配置configsvr.conf dbpath=/data/mongo_config_server logpath=/data/mongo_config_server/logs/configsvr.log pidfilepath=/data/mongo_config_server/configsvr.pid logappend=true bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10007 fork=true journal=true configsvr=true mongos配置： #mongos配置 mongos.conf logpath=/data/mongos/logs/mongos.log pidfilepath=/data/mongos/mongos.pid logappend=true bind_ip=192.168.15.130 port=10008 fork=true configdb=192.168.15.130:10007
启动：
#启动shard /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster/master/master.conf /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster/slave/slave.conf /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster/arbiter/arbiter.conf /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster2/master/master.conf /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster2/slave/slave.conf /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_cluster2/arbiter/arbiter.conf #启动config server /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongod -f /data/mongo_config_server/configsvr.conf #启动mongos /usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongos -f /data/mongos/mongos.conf
配置mongos，设置分片规则：
(1)连接mongos与replica set
#进入mongos
/usr/local/mongodb3.0.5/bin/mongo 192.168.15.130:10008
#连接mongos与replica set
mongos> db.runCommand( { addshard : "rep1/192.168.15.130:10001"});
{ "shardAdded" : "rep1", "ok" : 1 }
mongos> db.runCommand( { addshard : "rep2/192.168.15.130:10004"});
{ "shardAdded" : "rep2", "ok" : 1 }
#查看分片配置
mongos> db.runCommand( { listshards : 1 } );(2)设置分片规则并测试
#指定testdb分片生效
db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"testdb"});
#指定数据库里需要分片的集合和片键
db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "testdb.table1",key : {id: 1} } )
#测试
> use testdb;
#插入测试数据
> for (var i = 1; i <= 1000; i++) db.table1.save({id:i,"test1":"testval1"});
#查看分片情况如下
> db.table1.stats();