【www.bbyears.com--python】
下面就是爬虫的所有代码，完全，彻底的公开，你会不会写程序都可以使用，不过请先装个linux系统，具备公网条件，然后运行：
python startCrawler.py
有必要提醒你，数据库字段代码中都有，请你自己建张表格，这个太简单了，就不多说了。同时我也提供一下下载地址，源码都在： 下载地址1 下载地址2
#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
"""
author:haoning
create time:2015.8.1
"""
import hashlib
import os
import time
import datetime
import traceback
import sys
import random
import json
import socket
import threading
from hashlib import sha1 #进行hash加密
from random import randint
from struct import unpack
from socket import inet_ntoa
from threading import Timer, Thread
from time import sleep
from collections import deque
from Queue import Queue
import MySQLdb as mdb #数据库连接器
import metautils
import downloadTorrent
from bencode import bencode, bdecode
import pygeoip
DB_HOST = "127.0.0.1"
DB_USER = "root"
DB_PASS = "root"
BOOTSTRAP_NODES = (
("67.215.246.10", 6881),
("82.221.103.244", 6881),
("23.21.224.150", 6881)
)
RATE = 1 #调控速率
TID_LENGTH = 2
RE_JOIN_DHT_INTERVAL = 3
TOKEN_LENGTH = 2
INFO_HASH_LEN = 500000 #50w数据很小，限制内存不至于消耗太大
CACHE_LEN = 100 #更新数据库缓存
WAIT_DOWNLOAD = 80
geoip = pygeoip.GeoIP("GeoIP.dat")
def is_ip_allowed(ip):
country = geoip.country_code_by_addr(ip)
if country in ("CN","TW","JP","HK", "KR"):
return True
return False
def entropy(length):
return "".join(chr(randint(0, 255)) for _ in xrange(length))
def random_id():
h = sha1()
h.update(entropy(20))
return h.digest()
def decode_nodes(nodes):
n = []
length = len(nodes)
if (length % 26) != 0:
return n
for i in range(0, length, 26):
nid = nodes[i:i+20]
ip = inet_ntoa(nodes[i+20:i+24])
port = unpack("!H", nodes[i+24:i+26])[0]
n.append((nid, ip, port))
return n
def timer(t, f):
Timer(t, f).start()
def get_neighbor(target, nid, end=10):
return target[:end]+nid[end:]
class KNode(object):
def __init__(self, nid, ip, port):
self.nid = nid
self.ip = ip
self.port = port
class DHTClient(Thread):
def __init__(self, max_node_qsize):
Thread.__init__(self)
self.setDaemon(True)
self.max_node_qsize = max_node_qsize
self.nid = random_id()
self.nodes = deque(maxlen=max_node_qsize)
def send_krpc(self, msg, address):
try:
self.ufd.sendto(bencode(msg), address)
except Exception:
pass
def send_find_node(self, address, nid=None):
nid = get_neighbor(nid, self.nid) if nid else self.nid
tid = entropy(TID_LENGTH)
msg = {
"t": tid,
"y": "q",
"q": "find_node",
"a": {
"id": nid,
"target": random_id()
}
}
self.send_krpc(msg, address)
def join_DHT(self):
for address in BOOTSTRAP_NODES:
self.send_find_node(address)
def re_join_DHT(self):
if len(self.nodes) == 0:
self.join_DHT()
timer(RE_JOIN_DHT_INTERVAL, self.re_join_DHT)
def auto_send_find_node(self):
wait = 1.0 / self.max_node_qsize
while True:
try:
node = self.nodes.popleft()
self.send_find_node((node.ip, node.port), node.nid)
except IndexError:
pass
try:
sleep(wait)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
os._exit(0)
def process_find_node_response(self, msg, address):
nodes = decode_nodes(msg["r"]["nodes"])
for node in nodes:
(nid, ip, port) = node
if len(nid) != 20: continue
if ip == self.bind_ip: continue
n = KNode(nid, ip, port)
self.nodes.append(n)
class DHTServer(DHTClient): #获得info_hash
def __init__(self, master, bind_ip, bind_port, max_node_qsize):
DHTClient.__init__(self, max_node_qsize)
self.master = master
self.bind_ip = bind_ip
self.bind_port = bind_port
self.speed=0
self.process_request_actions = {
"get_peers": self.on_get_peers_request,
"announce_peer": self.on_announce_peer_request,
}
self.ufd = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
self.ufd.bind((self.bind_ip, self.bind_port))
timer(RE_JOIN_DHT_INTERVAL, self.re_join_DHT)
def run(self):
self.re_join_DHT()
while True:
try:
(data, address) = self.ufd.recvfrom(65536)
msg = bdecode(data)
self.on_message(msg, address)
except Exception:
pass
def on_message(self, msg, address):
global RATE #设为全局量
try:
if msg["y"] == "r":
if msg["r"].has_key("nodes"):
self.process_find_node_response(msg, address) #发现节点
elif msg["y"] == "q":
try:
self.speed+=1
if self.speed % 10000 ==0:
RATE=random.randint(1,3)
if RATE==2:
RATE=1
if RATE==3:
RATE=10
if self.speed>100000:
self.speed=0
if self.speed % RATE==0: #数据过多，占用cpu太多，划分限速,1,1,10
self.process_request_actions[msg["q"]](msg, address) #处理其他节点的请求，这个过程获取info_hash
#self.process_request_actions[msg["q"]](msg, address) #处理其他节点的请求，这个过程获取info_hash
except KeyError:
self.play_dead(msg, address)
except KeyError:
pass
def on_get_peers_request(self, msg, address):
try:
infohash = msg["a"]["info_hash"]
tid = msg["t"]
nid = msg["a"]["id"]
token = infohash[:TOKEN_LENGTH]
msg = {
"t": tid,
"y": "r",
"r": {
"id": get_neighbor(infohash, self.nid),
"nodes": "",
"token": token
}
}
self.master.log(infohash, address)
self.send_krpc(msg, address)
except KeyError:
pass
def on_announce_peer_request(self, msg, address):
try:
infohash = msg["a"]["info_hash"]
token = msg["a"]["token"]
nid = msg["a"]["id"]
tid = msg["t"]
if infohash[:TOKEN_LENGTH] == token:
if msg["a"].has_key("implied_port ") and msg["a"]["implied_port "] != 0:
port = address[1]
else:
port = msg["a"]["port"]
self.master.log_announce(infohash, (address[0], port))
except Exception:
print "error"
pass
finally:
self.ok(msg, address)
def play_dead(self, msg, address):
try:
tid = msg["t"]
msg = {
"t": tid,
"y": "e",
"e": [202, "Server Error"]
}
self.send_krpc(msg, address)
except KeyError:
pass
def ok(self, msg, address):
try:
tid = msg["t"]
nid = msg["a"]["id"]
msg = {
"t": tid,
"y": "r",
"r": {
"id": get_neighbor(nid, self.nid)
}
}
self.send_krpc(msg, address)
except KeyError:
pass
class Master(Thread): #解析info_hash
def __init__(self):
Thread.__init__(self)
self.setDaemon(True)
self.queue = Queue()
self.cache = Queue()
self.count=0
self.mutex = threading.RLock() #可重入锁，使单线程可以再次获得已经获得的?
self.waitDownload = Queue()
self.metadata_queue = Queue()
self.dbconn = mdb.connect(DB_HOST, DB_USER, DB_PASS, "oksousou", charset="utf8")
self.dbconn.autocommit(False)
self.dbcurr = self.dbconn.cursor()
self.dbcurr.execute("SET NAMES utf8")
self.visited = set()
def lock(self): #加锁
self.mutex.acquire()
def unlock(self): #解锁
self.mutex.release()
def work(self,item):
print "start thread",item
while True:
self.prepare_download_metadata()
self.lock()
self.download_metadata()
self.unlock()
self.lock()
self.got_torrent()
self.unlock()
def start_work(self,max):
for item in xrange(max):
t = threading.Thread(target=self.work, args=(item,))
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
#入队的种子效率更高
def log_announce(self, binhash, address=None):
if self.queue.qsize() < INFO_HASH_LEN : #大于INFO_HASH_LEN就不要入队，否则后面来不及处理
if is_ip_allowed(address[0]):
self.queue.put([address, binhash]) #获得info_hash
def log(self, infohash, address=None):
if self.queue.qsize() < INFO_HASH_LEN: #大于INFO_HASH_LEN/2就不要入队，否则后面来不及处理
if is_ip_allowed(address[0]):
self.queue.put([address, infohash])
def prepare_download_metadata(self):
if self.queue.qsize() == 0:
sleep(2)
#从queue中获得info_hash用来下载
address, binhash= self.queue.get()
if binhash in self.visited:
return
if len(self.visited) > 100000: #大于100000重置队列,认为已经访问过了
self.visited = set()
self.visited.add(binhash)
#跟新已经访问过的info_hash
info_hash = binhash.encode("hex")
utcnow = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
self.cache.put((address,binhash,utcnow)) #装入缓存队列
def download_metadata(self):
if self.cache.qsize() > CACHE_LEN/2: #出队更新下载
while self.cache.qsize() > 0: #排空队列
address,binhash,utcnow = self.cache.get()
info_hash = binhash.encode("hex")
self.dbcurr.execute("SELECT id FROM search_hash WHERE info_hash=%s", (info_hash,))
y = self.dbcurr.fetchone()
if y:
# 更新最近发现时间，请求数
self.dbcurr.execute("UPDATE search_hash SET last_seen=%s, requests=requests+1 WHERE info_hash=%s", (utcnow, info_hash))
else:
self.waitDownload.put((address, binhash))
self.dbconn.commit()
if self.waitDownload.qsize() > WAIT_DOWNLOAD:
while self.waitDownload.qsize() > 0:
address,binhash = self.waitDownload.get()
t = threading.Thread(target=downloadTorrent.download_metadata, args=(address, binhash, self.metadata_queue))
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
def decode(self, s):
if type(s) is list:
s = ";".join(s)
u = s
for x in (self.encoding, "utf8", "gbk", "big5"):
try:
u = s.decode(x)
return u
except:
pass
return s.decode(self.encoding, "ignore")
def decode_utf8(self, d, i):
if i+".utf-8" in d:
return d[i+".utf-8"].decode("utf8")
return self.decode(d[i])
def parse_metadata(self, data): #解析种子
info = {}
self.encoding = "utf8"
try:
torrent = bdecode(data) #编码后解析
if not torrent.get("name"):
return None
except:
return None
detail = torrent
info["name"] = self.decode_utf8(detail, "name")
if "files" in detail:
info["files"] = []
for x in detail["files"]:
if "path.utf-8" in x:
v = {"path": self.decode("/".join(x["path.utf-8"])), "length": x["length"]}
else:
v = {"path": self.decode("/".join(x["path"])), "length": x["length"]}
if "filehash" in x:
v["filehash"] = x["filehash"].encode("hex")
info["files"].append(v)
info["length"] = sum([x["length"] for x in info["files"]])
else:
info["length"] = detail["length"]
info["data_hash"] = hashlib.md5(detail["pieces"]).hexdigest()
return info
def got_torrent(self):
if self.metadata_queue.qsize() == 0:
return
binhash, address, data,start_time = self.metadata_queue.get()
if not data:
return
try:
info = self.parse_metadata(data)
if not info:
return
except:
traceback.print_exc()
return
temp = time.time()
x = time.localtime(float(temp))
utcnow = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",x) # get time now
info_hash = binhash.encode("hex") #磁力
info["info_hash"] = info_hash
# need to build tags
info["tagged"] = False
info["classified"] = False
info["requests"] = 1
info["last_seen"] = utcnow
info["create_time"] = utcnow
info["source_ip"] = address[0]
if info.get("files"):
files = [z for z in info["files"] if not z["path"].startswith("_")]
if not files:
files = info["files"]
else:
files = [{"path": info["name"], "length": info["length"]}]
files.sort(key=lambda z:z["length"], reverse=True)
bigfname = files[0]["path"]
info["extension"] = metautils.get_extension(bigfname).lower()
info["category"] = metautils.get_category(info["extension"])
try:
try:
print "\n", "Saved", info["info_hash"], info["name"], (time.time()-start_time), "s", address[0]
except:
print "\n", "Saved", info["info_hash"]
ret = self.dbcurr.execute("INSERT INTO search_hash(info_hash,category,data_hash,name,extension,classified,source_ip,tagged," +
"length,create_time,last_seen,requests) VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)",
(info["info_hash"], info["category"], info["data_hash"], info["name"], info["extension"], info["classified"],
info["source_ip"], info["tagged"], info["length"], info["create_time"], info["last_seen"], info["requests"]))
if self.count %50 ==0:
self.dbconn.commit()
if self.count>100000:
self.count=0
except:
print self.name, "save error", self.name, info
traceback.print_exc()
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
#启动客户端
master = Master()
master.start_work(150)
#启动服务器
dht = DHTServer(master, "0.0.0.0", 6881, max_node_qsize=200)
dht.start()
dht.auto_send_find_node()
注意，上面的代码有一段代码需要下载种子，所以下面的这段代码十分重要：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
"""
author:haoning
create time:2015.8.1
"""
from hashlib import sha1
import math
from socket import inet_ntoa
import socket
from struct import pack, unpack
from threading import Timer, Thread
from time import sleep, time
from bencode import bencode, bdecode
from startCrawler import entropy
BT_PROTOCOL = "BitTorrent protocol"
BT_MSG_ID = 20
EXT_HANDSHAKE_ID = 0
def random_id():
hash = sha1()
hash.update(entropy(20))
return hash.digest()
def send_packet(the_socket, msg):
the_socket.send(msg)
def send_message(the_socket, msg):
msg_len = pack(">I", len(msg))
send_packet(the_socket, msg_len + msg)
def send_handshake(the_socket, infohash):
bt_header = chr(len(BT_PROTOCOL)) + BT_PROTOCOL
ext_bytes = "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x10\x00\x00"
peer_id = random_id()
packet = bt_header + ext_bytes + infohash + peer_id
send_packet(the_socket, packet)
def check_handshake(packet, self_infohash):
try:
bt_header_len, packet = ord(packet[:1]), packet[1:]
if bt_header_len != len(BT_PROTOCOL):
return False
except TypeError:
return False
bt_header, packet = packet[:bt_header_len], packet[bt_header_len:]
if bt_header != BT_PROTOCOL:
return False
packet = packet[8:]
infohash = packet[:20]
if infohash != self_infohash:
return False
return True
def send_ext_handshake(the_socket):
msg = chr(BT_MSG_ID) + chr(EXT_HANDSHAKE_ID) + bencode({"m":{"ut_metadata": 1}})
send_message(the_socket, msg)
def request_metadata(the_socket, ut_metadata, piece):
"""bep_0009"""
msg = chr(BT_MSG_ID) + chr(ut_metadata) + bencode({"msg_type": 0, "piece": piece})
send_message(the_socket, msg)
def get_ut_metadata(data):
ut_metadata = "_metadata"
index = data.index(ut_metadata)+len(ut_metadata) + 1
return int(data[index])
def get_metadata_size(data):
metadata_size = "metadata_size"
start = data.index(metadata_size) + len(metadata_size) + 1
data = data[start:]
return int(data[:data.index("e")])
def recvall(the_socket, timeout=5):
the_socket.setblocking(0)
total_data = []
data = ""
begin = time()
while True:
sleep(0.05)
if total_data and time()-begin > timeout:
break
elif time()-begin > timeout*2:
break
try:
data = the_socket.recv(1024)
if data:
total_data.append(data)
begin = time()
except Exception:
pass
return "".join(total_data)
def download_metadata(address, infohash, metadata_queue, timeout=5):
metadata = None
start_time = time()
the_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
the_socket.settimeout(timeout)
the_socket.connect(address)
# handshake
send_handshake(the_socket, infohash)
packet = the_socket.recv(4096)
# handshake error
if not check_handshake(packet, infohash):
return
# ext handshake
send_ext_handshake(the_socket)
packet = the_socket.recv(4096)
# get ut_metadata and metadata_size
ut_metadata, metadata_size = get_ut_metadata(packet), get_metadata_size(packet)
# request each piece of metadata
metadata = []
for piece in range(int(math.ceil(metadata_size/(16.0*1024)))): #piece是个控制块，根据控制块下载数据
request_metadata(the_socket, ut_metadata, piece)
packet = recvall(the_socket, timeout) #the_socket.recv(1024*17)
metadata.append(packet[packet.index("ee")+2:])
metadata = "".join(metadata)
except socket.timeout:
pass
except Exception, e:
pass
finally:
#print "metadata= %s" %(metadata)
the_socket.close() #确保没回都关闭socket
if metadata != None: #只让不空的种子入?
metadata_queue.put((infohash, address, metadata,start_time))
其实下载种子还有一种方式就是借助libtorrent，但这个太耗费cpu了，所以我一般不用他，如下：
#coding: utf8
import threading
import traceback
import random
import time
import os
import socket
import libtorrent as lt
threading.stack_size(200*1024)
socket.setdefaulttimeout(30)
def fetch_torrent(session, ih, timeout):
name = ih.upper()
url = "magnet:?xt=urn:btih:%s" % (name,)
data = ""
params = {
"save_path": "/tmp/downloads/",
"storage_mode": lt.storage_mode_t(2),
"paused": False,
"auto_managed": False,
"duplicate_is_error": True}
try:
handle = lt.add_magnet_uri(session, url, params)
except:
return None
status = session.status()
handle.set_sequential_download(1)
meta = None
down_time = time.time()
down_path = None
for i in xrange(0, timeout):
if handle.has_metadata():
info = handle.get_torrent_info()
down_path = "/tmp/downloads/%s" % info.name()
#print "status", "p", status.num_peers, "g", status.dht_global_nodes, "ts", status.dht_torrents, "u", status.total_upload, "d", status.total_download
meta = info.metadata()
break
time.sleep(1)
if down_path and os.path.exists(down_path):
os.system("rm -rf "%s"" % down_path)
session.remove_torrent(handle)
return meta
def download_metadata(address, binhash, metadata_queue, timeout=20):
metadata = None
start_time = time.time()
try:
session = lt.session()
r = random.randrange(10000, 50000)
session.listen_on(r, r+10)
session.add_dht_router("router.bittorrent.com",6881)
session.add_dht_router("router.utorrent.com",6881)
session.add_dht_router("dht.transmission.com",6881)
session.add_dht_router("127.0.0.1",6881)
session.start_dht()
metadata = fetch_torrent(session, binhash.encode("hex"), timeout)
session = None
except:
traceback.print_exc()
finally:
metadata_queue.put((binhash, address, metadata,start_time))