【www.bbyears.com--淘宝规则】
越来越多的朋友用上了军哥的LNMP系统,最大的优点,就是省内存,像那些小内存的VPS,部落一直推荐大家使用lnmp,不过相对于新手来说,需要注意一些常见的问题,虽说我们从百度也能搜索到相关的答案,但有很多基本过时了,这里部落收集了一些301跳转,域名绑定,升级和伪静态等常见问题解答,大家可以看看.
常见lnmp管理命令
先来看看一些常用的命令:
#1.2版本以后，不需要再执行/root/lnmp了，可以在任意位置执行lnmp命令
lnmp #会出现一些提示信息
lnmp restart #重启
lnmp vhost add #添加网站绑定
lnmp database add #添加数据库信息
一、LNMP的安装
##先要下载，并根据不同系统进行安装：
wget -c http://soft.vpser.net/lnmp/lnmp1.2.tar.gz
tar zxvf lnmp1.2.tar.gz
cd lnmp1.2
./install.sh #开始进行安装操作
现在好像到了1.4的最新版本,如果需要安装1.4的朋友,直接将上面的1.2修改为1.4就可以了.
以下为安装前简易设置，切记输入个其它域名及牢记mysql密码：
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| LNMP V1.2 for Ubuntu Linux Server, Written by Licess |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| A tool to auto-compile & install LNMP/LNMPA/LAMP on Linux |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| For more information please visit http://www.lnmp.org |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Please setup root password of MySQL.(Default password: root)
Please enter: vpsmm.com #输入mysql的root密码
MySQL root password: vpsmm.com
===========================
Do you want to enable or disable the InnoDB Storage Engine?
Default enable,Enter your choice [Y/n]: n #是否安装InnoDB
You will disable the InnoDB Storage Engine!
===========================
You have 5 options for your DataBase install.
1: Install MySQL 5.1.73
2: Install MySQL 5.5.42 (Default)
3: Install MySQL 5.6.23
4: Install MariaDB 5.5.42
5: Install MariaDB 10.0.17
Enter your choice (1, 2, 3, 4 or 5): 3 #选择mysql版本
You will Install MySQL 5.6.23
===========================
You have 5 options for your PHP install.
1: Install PHP 5.2.17
2: Install PHP 5.3.29
3: Install PHP 5.4.41 (Default)
4: Install PHP 5.5.25
5: Install PHP 5.6.9
Enter your choice (1, 2, 3, 4 or 5): 5 #选择php版本
You will install PHP 5.6.9
===========================
You have 3 options for your Memory Allocator install.
1: Don"t install Memory Allocator. (Default)
2: Install Jemalloc
3: Install TCMalloc
Enter your choice (1, 2 or 3): 1 #如果用不上，所以选择1
You will install not install Memory Allocator.
#按任意键，设置完成，正式进入安装，预计20-40分钟完成
域名绑定详解
关于这一点,军哥的网站上有详细的说明.
其实所谓的域名绑定，就是通过命令的形式，简易创建一个conf文件到/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost下面，这个过程完全可以手工创建conf，或者，平时修改目录、域名等，直接修改conf文件，效果完全一样：
lnmp vhost add #执行lnmp添加网站命令
+-------------------------------------------+
| Manager for LNMP, Written by Licess |
+-------------------------------------------+
Please enter domain(example: www.lnmp.org): vpsmm.com #输入绑定的主域名
======================================
Your domain: vpsmm.com
======================================
Do you want to add more domain name? (y/n) y #是否绑定其它域名
Enter domain name(example: lnmp.org *.lnmp.org): www.mfbuluo.com #输入其它域名
domain list: www.mfbuluo.com
Please enter the directory for the domain: mfbuluo.com
(Default directory: /home/wwwroot/vpsmm.com): #默认创建的网站文件所在目录
Virtual Host Directory: /home/wwwroot/mfbuluo.com
===========================
Allow Rewrite rule? (y/n)
===========================
y #是否添加伪静态文件
Please enter the rewrite of programme:
wordpress,discuz,typecho,sablog,dabr rewrite was exist.
(Default rewrite: other):typecho #这里以typecho程序,如果是wp,则输入wordpress
===========================
You choose rewrite=typecho
===========================
===========================
Allow access_log? (y/n)
===========================
n #是否启用日志文件
======================================================
Create database and MySQL user with same name (y/n)
======================================================
y #是否创建mysql数据库
verify your current MySQL root password: **** #输入安装时的mysql数据库root密码
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
MySQL root password correct.
Enter database name: vpsmm_user #创建数据库用户名
Your will create a database and MySQL user with same name: vpsmm_user
Please enter password for mysql user vpsmm_user: vpsmmpasswd
Your password: vpsmmpasswd #创建相应密码
Press any key to start create virtul host...
Create Virtul Host directory......
set permissions of Virtual Host directory......
You select the exist rewrite rule:/usr/local/nginx/conf/typecho.conf
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm done
Test Nginx configure file......
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
Restart Nginx......
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
User vpsmm_user create Sucessfully.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Database: vpsmm_user create Sucessfully.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON vpsmm_user Sucessfully.
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
FLUSH PRIVILEGES Sucessfully.
================================================
Virtualhost infomation:
Your domain: vpsmm.com
Home Directory: /home/wwwroot/mfbuluo.com
Rewrite: typecho
Enable log: no
Database username: vpsmm_user
Database userpassword: vpsmmpasswd
Database Name: vpsmm_user
Create ftp account: no
#以上为新创建网站的一些信息
================================================
伪静态规则
如果lnmp默认的伪静态规则不能满足你的需要，或者，你要自行定义伪静态规则，可以新建一个conf文件，放置于 /usr/local/nginx/conf 下，在域名配置文件，即：/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/mfbuluo.com.conf 里引用.
server
{
listen 80;
server_name mfbuluo.com www.mfbuluo.com; #绑定的域名
index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php; #首页文件
root /home/mfbuluo.com; #网站存放目录
include wordpress.conf; #伪静态规则文件，可自定义成你需要的
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 12h;
}
access_log off;
}
修改设置以后，一定要重新载入lnmp或者，重新载入nginx，以下任决命令都一样：
/root/lnmp reload #使用lnmp重新载入配置
/etc/init.d/nginx reload #只重新载入nginx配置，我一般用这个
reload为平滑重启.restart的话,是直接重启.
判断当前域名并自动301到主域名
if ($host != "mfbuluo.com" ) {rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.mfbuluo.com/$1 permanent;}
#判断当前域名，如果不是则自动301到主域名，放置于error_page ...;上下均可。
自定义404、503等常见错误
不管是404还是503等常见错误，还是设置/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/mfbuluo.com.conf文件来完成：
listen 80;
server_name mfbuluo.com www.mfbuluo.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
root /home/legcloud.com;
error_page 404 /404.php; #放在这里，可自定义文件名，再重载nginx就可以了
include wordpress.conf;
关闭或开启FSO等php函数
lnmp最新版，默认禁用了一些函数，例如fso等，可修改/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir....
#----这是禁用函数，把不想禁用的删除即可----如果自用主机，最简单的修改方案：
disable_functions =
; passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir....
#----设置为全部开启
修改后，使用/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart，重新启动php
升级PHP和NGINX版本
cd lnm0.9 #进入lnmp安装目录
./upgrade_nginx.sh #升级nginx，只要输入你要升级的版本即可（可见nginx.org）
./upgrade_php.sh #升级php，只要输入你要升级的版本即可（可见php.net）
在进行升级前,一定要记得备份.